Acute disc herniation
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Spine Examination
Spine Examination
Examination:
- Assess gait pattern
- Regional & Local spine examination
- Neurovascular assessment
Example of spine conditions
Spinal stenosis
Spinal stenosis with an acute disc herniation
Scoliosis
Examination
Inspection
Description
- Assess bilateral upper limbs.
- Look for muscle wasting.
Normal spine anatomy
Examination
C-spine ROM
Lateral flexion
Examination
ROM
Rotation
Neck rotation
Examination
C-spine ROM
Flexion & extension
Examination
T-spine ROM
T-spine
Inspect Palpate
Examination
L-spine ROM
Flexion & extension
Bending forward & backwards
Flexion
Extension
Examination
L-spine ROM
Lateral flexion
Lateral flexion
Examination
L-spine ROM
Rotation
Rotation
Examination
Sensory cutaneous nerves
Examination
Dermatome assessment
Motor Examination
Muscle power grading
| Grade |
Description |
| 0 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 3 |
|
| 4 |
|
| 5 |
|
Examine Upper limb power
C5
Resisted shoulder abduction
Examine Upper limb power
C5
Resisted arm flexion
Examine Upper limb power
C5
Resisted wrist extension
Examine Upper limb power
C7
Resisted elbow extension
Examine Upper limb power
C8
Resisted finger flexion
Examine Upper limb power
T1
Resisted finger abduction
Examine Lower limb power
L 1/2
Resisted hip flexion (hip flexor muscles)
Examine Lower limb power
L3
Resisted knee extension
Examine Lower limb power
S1
Resisted foot plantarflexion
Examine Lower limb power
L4
Resisted ankle dorsiflexion
Examine Lower limb power
L5
Resisted hip flexion (hip flexor muscles)
Examination
Reflexes
Lower limb reflexes:
- Patellar
- Ankle
Patellar reflex test
Examination
Neural tension test
Neural tension tests:
- Straight leg raise
- Slump test
Spine disc herniation
Spine disc herniation with nerve root compression
Straight leg raise test
