- Ultrasound is sound having a frequency above the audible range (> 20 kHz).
- Frequencies range of million of cycles per second.
- Ultrasound is used in medicine for diagnostic purposes.
- Diagnostic ultrasound uses the principle that ultrasound is reflected by an interface between media of different acoustic impedances.
- The image is produced by the display of the echoes returning to the transducer. The image is composed of pixels varying in light intensity, which depends on the intensity of the reflected echo.
- The reflection depends on the density of the media and subsequently various structures produce specific images depending on the acoustic mismatching of the reflected sound waves.
- In musculoskeletal imaging a linear probe is used to assess structures.
Ankle Ultrasound
Ultrasound Introduction
Ankle ultrasound
Patient ultrasound positioning
Ultrasound of anterior ankle structures
Patient ultrasound positioning
Ultrasound of anterior lateral ankle structures
Anterior Talo-fibular ligament
Ankle sprain
Grade 1 ATF ligament sprain
Complete ATF ligament tear
Plantar Fascitis
Ultrasound of Achilles tendon
Patient ultrasound positioning
Ultrasound showing complete Achilles tendon tear
Ultrasound showing complete tear with the effect of dorsi & plantar-flexion of ankle joint on rupture site approximation.
Retrocalcaneal bursitis
FIGURE
- A, Asymptomatic L Retrocalcaneal bursa (dark arrow).
- B, Retrocalcaneal bursa (open arrow) seen as a hypoechoic, fluid – filled sac between the Achilles tendon (a) and the calcaneus (cal).
